How to Score the GCS
| Component | Points |
|---|---|
| Eye Opening (E) | 4 Spontaneous • 3 To speech • 2 To pain • 1 None |
| Verbal Response (V) | 5 Oriented • 4 Confused • 3 Inappropriate words • 2 Incomprehensible sounds • 1 None |
| Motor Response (M) | 6 Obeys • 5 Localizes pain • 4 Withdraws • 3 Flexion (decorticate) • 2 Extension (decerebrate) • 1 None |
Total GCS = E + V + M (range 3–15). See neurological assessment tips.
Interpret: What Your Score Means
- 13–15 (Mild): Often observed injuries; monitor and reassess. See concussion guidance.
- 9–12 (Moderate): Higher risk—consider imaging and escalation per TBI protocols.
- 3–8 (Severe): Coma level—manage airway and circulation; see airway management and ICP resources.
Document barriers (e.g., intubation, aphasia, sedation). For pediatrics, use the pediatric GCS adaptations.
Act Quickly: What to Do Next
- Trend the score and reassess after interventions—see neuromonitoring.
- For deteriorating GCS or severe TBI, follow institutional trauma protocols.
- Use standardized language in notes (e.g., E3 V4 M6 = 13)—see documentation tips.
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